Structure & Agency

Instructions

In this paper, you will use all four frames and use them to explain and make sense of some organizational mini-case with which you are familiar. The mini-case might derive from an educational organization you now work in or have worked in, or from a published case you are interested in. This can be the same case as you wrote about in your first paper! But, it doesnt have to be. If youd like to write about something different, thats totally fine. In writing this piece you are answering the question: In what ways does the case display elements of all four frames? How does the mini-case illustrate or elaborate the practical meaning(s) of the frames? Then think of an interesting mini-case with which you are familiar, an educational organization you know well, or you can use one of the cases we read in class, such as the principals in the DeMatthews paper or the Guajardo + Guajardo paper. Briefly describe some aspect of this organization, its design, or its behavior that you believe illustrates the four frames. How do the lenses of the frames allow you to see the case differently? It is up to you to show how the frames apply.Note: if you are elaborating on your first paper, make sure to read and respond to the comments. It is an expectation that you will not simply start off from where you leftyou will go back, revise, add new learnings (Im sure youve learned a lot since then!), and respond to questions/comments from the previous draft. Your paper should be between 7-8, double-spaced pages, 12-point font. Your finished paper needs to include the following: 1.    Substantive title (something other than, or in addition to: Concept Application Paper).  The title should signal the center of gravity of your piece: what this paper is about, and what it is trying to convey to the reader?2.    An introductory paragraph that explains the reader to what you are trying to accomplish with this brief paper.3.    Introduction to the frames and/or general claims(s) that you will be using in the paper. What are these ideas, and what do they mean conceptually? Try to explain the meanings and significance of these general ideas, and if possible, locate them in a larger stream of argument or thinking about organizational structure and agency. Be sure to reference your discussion here to the literature sources you have used. Whenever you are using a big idea from the literature, be sure to reference it in text (Author, year). Whenever you use a direct quote, be sure to put quotation marks around it, and include the Author, year, page number for example: (Rigby, 2016, p. 54).3.    A brief description of the minicase. What kind of organization are you referring to, and what aspects of itdesign, behavior, events, etc.? Locate this mini-case in place and time: what kind of setting and timeframe surrounds the case you are talking about? Indicate where you are getting the information about this case (if from literature, cite it, or perhaps from your own working experience). Once again, keep your case description to only those aspects that are necessary to highlight the aspects you care about and locate it in context a couple of paragraphs should suffice. 5.     Application of concepts to the case: How does/do the concepts (the four frames) apply? In what ways does the case offer an instance of them in action? And how, if at all, does the case suggest a more nuanced meaning or perhaps different way of understanding the general terms than what may have been intended by the original author? Be thinking as you do this work, how you are using the ideas from the literature.  6.      Brief concluding remarks, as appropriate. How might this kind of application be useful? What remains unknown or unclear? What might you want to dig deeper into, to further understand the organizational structure or culture of the mini-case you were examining? What did you illustrate about how structure and agency play out in real life? 7.     Bibliography. Include complete citations, APA style, for any literature you reference in this paper. Hint: all the references in the Syllabus are complete citations in APA style, and they should illustrate for you how to cite journal articles, books, book chapters, etc. We expect you to follow APA (American Psychological Association) guidelines, 6th edition, for in-text references (Author, year) and for bibliography.

Answer

Four Frames in a SchoolThis essay will be based on my teaching experience to illustrate the association between school performance and the school heads use of the four frames model by Bolman and Deal (1991) in their leadership. The four frames include; political frame, structural frame, symbolic frame, and human resource frame. These frames will create a basis of how teachers impact on how their students perform academically. Most principals tend to utilize a few of the four frames. To ensure consistency in the outcome of the model, the school heads should come up with ways in which they can use all the four of them at a go. The elements of the model can also be used to achieve high performance among learners.The four framesThe four frames have varying concepts that can be effective if ado...

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